According to a Greenpeace study, an earlier end to the registration of new cars and light commercial vehicles with combustion engines in the EU would save billions of euros in energy costs. With a phase-out in 2030, fuel costs adjusted for the higher electricity costs for a growing number of e-cars would fall by 460 billion euros compared to a phase-out in 2035. EU-wide, an additional 1.2 billion tonnes of CO2 could be saved. A phase-out in 2028 would reduce energy costs by 635 billion euros and CO2 emissions by 1.7 billion tonnes.